고등영어 독해와 작문 3과 본문 Pythagoras 천재 안병규

Pythagoras: THE FATHER OF MUSIC

Everybody knows that Pythagoras is an ancient Greek mathematician. 

 

But did you know that he also played a big role in music? 

 

Pythagoras loved music and was skilled at playing the lyre, an ancient string instrument. 

 

He always believed that everything in the world was ruled by numbers. To him, music was no exception.

 

 In fact, he was the first person to find the surprising connection between music and math.

 

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One day Pythagoras was walking past a blacksmith’ shop when he noticed something very interesting. 

 

Whenever the blacksmiths struck the anvil with hammers, different notes were produced. 

 

Also, combinations of these notes sounded harmonious in some instances and not so harmonious at other times. 

 

Pythagoras wanted to find out why mathematically.

 

First, he tried to find the relationship between different notes and objects creating sound vibrations. 

 

He carried out many experiments. 

 

He used different objects, like strings, bells, and water-filled cups.

 

In his experiments with strings, he found that the shorter a string is, the higher the note that is created. 

 

He also found that a ratio of 2:1 produced the same note at two different pitches. 

 

For example, a 50-centimeter string produced a lower DO, and a 25-centimeter one produced a higher DO. 

 

Pythagoras further varied the length of his strings. 

 

 

 

By doing so, he finally identified the ratios for six more notes between DO at a lower pitch and DO at a higher pitch. Thus, all the notes on the musical scale could be mathematically expressed. 

 

This series of eight notes in a musical scale is now called an “octave.”

 

Then, why were some combinations of notes more harmonious than others? 

 

To find out, Pythagoras used his favored strings again. 

 

He found that the most pleasing harmony occurred when the length ratio of two strings was 3:2 (DO and SOL). 

 

This harmony is called “a perfect fifth” in modern music. 

 

The perfect fifth is used in tuning musical instruments today.

 

Ultimately, Pythagoras put his principles of harmony to practical use, employing them to cure diseases of the body and mind. 

 

 

No wonder Pythagoras is often called the father of music. 

 

Next time you listen to your favorite music, perhaps you should thank him.

 

 

 

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